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The head looks very similar to that of other Pseudocerastes species in the region, but the spider-tailed horned viper has a unique tail that has a … Other common names of this species include desert sidewinding horned viper, Sahara horned viper, desert horned viper, North African horned viper, African desert horned viper, greater cerastes, asp … You probably won’t have to worry about crossing paths with the Anatolian viper. Labib RS, Malim HY, Farag NW. Common names of this species include desert sidewinding horned viper,[6] Saharan horned viper,[2] horned s,[3] Sahara horned viper,[4] desert horned viper, North African horned viper,[7] African desert horned viper, greater cerastes,[8] asp and horned viper. Mohamed AH, Kamel A, Ayobe MH. Russell's viper is native to Asia - found in places from India to Taiwan to Indonesia, … Venomous fangs lay flat in the back part of the mouth. The hatchlings measure 12–15 cm (about 5–6 inches) in total length. "Observations on behavior in two Libyan species of viperine snake". The horned viper, known locally as the “poskok”, induces a low-grade panic every year as newspapers decry a lack of anti-venom while chronicling nearly every bite. The eggs are laid under rocks and in abandoned rodent burrows. The Egyptian asp is renowned as the symbol of royalty in Egypt. "Fractionation of, Labib RS, Azab MH, Farag NW. It moves by sliding sideways. [2] Three subspecies have been described. Bites from this species can be more severe than those from the Common Adder (Vipera berus); not only can they be very painful, but they are fatal, if untreated, in about 4% of all cases. These animals are not on the list of endangered species. "Effects of, Labib RS, Azab ER, Farag NW. Size and shape: Typically just under two feet in length, robust and cylindrically depressed body, narrow neck, thick midsection, tapering tail. It also hisses and inflates the body to look bigger. [4], Cerastes cerastes venom is reported to be similar in action to Echis venom. The color pattern of these snakes consists of a yellowish, pale grey, pinkish, reddish or pale brown ground color, which almost always matches the substrate color where … For good reason: the poskok has a impressively awful reputation. Persian horned vipers have a typical bulky viper-like body, with a very broad head The Persian horned viper is a species of venomous vipers endemic to the Middle East and Asia. Cerastes cerastes, commonly known as the Saharan horned viper or the horned desert viper, is a venomous species of viper native to the deserts of northern Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula and Levant. The snake is common in Iraq but is also found in Syria, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Jordan, and Israel and in parts of North Africa includingLibya, Egypt, and Sudan. Compared to C. gasperettii, the relative head size of C. cerastes is larger and there is a greater frequency of horned individuals (13% versus 48%, respectively). They’re among the most elusive and hard… we have one of the greatest selections you will find including vipers, rattlesnakes, mangrove snakes, beaded lizards, cobras and more. Desert horned vipers have one horn above each eye, and the horns fold flat when touched, making it easier for the snake to squeeze into small openings and burrow beneath the sand. [4] Studies of venom from both C. cerastes and C. vipera list a total of eight venom fractions, the most powerful of which has haemorrhagic activity. [9] In Egypt, it is called el-ṭorîsha (حية الطريشة); in Libya, it is called um-Goron (ام قرون). Horned viper definition, a highly venomous viper, Cerastes cerastes, of northern Africa and extreme southwestern Asia, having a process resembling a horn just above each eye. Despite all these factors, population of horned vipers is still stable. Their eyes have vertical pupils, and their scales are keeled. Vipers range widely in size, though are generally stocky with short tails. A member of this species was reportedly found and killed by locals on the border between the Peshawar and Nowshera districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. 2004. Mating season of horned vipers takes place from April to June. This snake inhabits stony deserts and semi-arid habitats on the altitude of up to 4900 feet. Viper. cerastes. However, some harmless snakes have the general appearance of being venomous and even behave like venomous snakes (hissing, flattening the head, vibrating the tail, etc.). In Arabia, it is one of the most frequently observed snakes despite its nocturnal habit;1 in Dharan, Saudi Arabia, it was responsible for most of a series of 26 cases of snake bite;2 and on the plains of Iraq, it is the commonest snake.3 In Egypt, C. cerastes was de… These structures are actually modified scales which protect eyes from sand and aid in camouflage. Scales on the dorsal side of the body are keeled. 2. They are all members of the Viperidae family, the pit vipers. "Life-threatening envenoming by the Saharan horned viper (. Vipers are characterized by a pair of long, hollow, venom-injecting fangs attached to movable bones of the upper jaw (the maxillaries) that are folded back in the mouth when not in use. The desert horned vipers (genus Cerastes) are the best known, most distinctive and most abundant venomous snakes of the great deserts of North Africa and the Middle East; from Morocco in the west, east to Iraq and western Iran, and south to the Sudan. Horned vipers are ecologically important because they keep number of rodents under control. Venom yields vary, with ranges of 19–27 mg to 100 mg of dried venom being reported. Females are larger than males. It often is easily recognized by the presence of a pair of supraocular "horns", although hornless individuals also occur. Horned vipers have triangular head, stocky body and short tail. Snakes locate mating partners via sense of smell (they can sense pheromones). Horned viper can reach 12 to 24 inches in length. When horned viper is faced with danger, it curls the body and produces rasping sound by rubbing keeled scales together. [2], https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cerastes_cerastes&oldid=1004827226, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Originally, the type locality was listed only as "Oriente." The spider-tailed horned viper (Pseudocerastes urarachnoides) and known as persian horned viper is a species of viper, a venomous snake in the family Viperidae.The species is endemic to western Iran, and was originally described in 2006. [2] This species is oviparous, laying 8–23 eggs that hatch after 50 to 80 days of incubation. This venomous viper species is easily recognized by the by the presence of a pair of horns. They become exposed when snake opens its mouth to attack the prey. NOSE-HORNED VIPER-Vipera ammodytes Highly venomous, potentially the most dangerous viper in Europe . Horned viper is able to locate the prey by sensing the vibrations of the ground and body heat (of warm blooded animals) and via eyesight. In addition to discovering the emerald horned pitviper, the researchers also established for the first time that another snake, the broad-horned pitviper, is indeed its own unique species. Horned viper hunts actively and as an ambush predator (using the element of surprise). See more. They have a reasonably placid temperament, but if threatened, they may assume a C-shaped posture and rapidly rub their coils together. "Proteases of, Schneemann M, Cathomas R, Laidlaw ST, El Nahas AM, Theakston RDG, Warrell DA. A report of the horned viper being found in Lebanon is unlikely, according to Joger (1984). Most venomous snakes have wide, triangular-shaped heads but unfortunately many nonvenomous snakes have wide heads as well. Females are larger than males. Males have bigger heads and larger eyes than females. Its head is similar to other Pseudocerastes species while the tail is more unique with a tube-like end bordered by long and … Often, it is even possible to use these impressions to make ventral scale counts. Female lays 8 to 20 soft-shelled eggs in abandoned burrows in the ground or under the rocks. Horned vipers are ecologically important because they keep number of rodents under control. The venom of vipers can kill a human being … Cerastes cerastes, commonly known as the Saharan horned viper[2] or the horned desert viper,[3] is a venomous species of viper native to the deserts of northern Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula and Levant. [2], They typically move about by sidewinding, during which they press their weight into the sand or soil, leaving whole-body impressions. The asp is mostly known for being Cleopatra's method of suicide. 1969. One of the world’s smallest vipers is the Mao-Lan pit viper (Protobothrops maolanensis), which was discovered in China in 2011. Upper parts of horned viper are usually sandy, yellowish, pale brown or grayish, covered with light brown crossbars or blotches. The horned tree viper has a horn like shape on the snout. Snake can surprise the prey and avoid overheating and potential predators during the day when it is covered with sand. The Persian horned viper (Pseudocerastes persicus) is a species of venomous vipers endemic to the Middle East and Asia. Because they have strongly keeled scales, this rubbing produces a rasping noise, similar to the sound produced by snakes of the genus Echis. Cooler temperatures, with annual averages of 20 °C or less, are preferred. Its venomous bite was used to execute favored criminals in Greco-Roman times. Horned viper is a type of venomous, terrestrial snake that is native to North Africa and Middle East. [2], One of the most distinctive characteristics of this species is the presence of supraorbital "horns", one over each eye. When agitated, sand vipers hiss loudly, raise their head and a loop of their body well above ground, and strike with great vigor. The venomous Caspian snake prefers to live in solitude in northern parts of Iran. The bite from a river jack may destroy blood vessels and cause internal bleeding. Horn-nosed viper (Vipera ammodytes) is a venomous viper species famous for the horn on their snout. They are the sidewinder, Mohave, speckled, western diamondback and Great Basin rattlesnakes. The Saharan horned viper is a venomous snake native to the deserts of northern Africa and parts of the Middle East. Three subspecies have been described. It is active from dusk until dawn. Russell's viper. The Usambara tree viper is found mainly in the trees in the Usambara region. It often is easily recognized by the presence of a pair of supraocular "horns", although hornless individuals do occur. [4] There is significant sexual dimorphism, with males having larger heads and larger eyes than females. Dorsally, a series of dark, semi-rectangular blotches runs the length of the body. The tail, which may have a black tip, is usually thin.[2][4]. They are less than 2 feet (61 centimeters) long, according to National Geographic. Asian sand vipers are active during twilight and at night. [2] The eyes are prominent and set on the sides of the head. Horned viper produces venom that consists of 13 different toxins. A high phospholipase A2 content may cause cardiotoxicity and myotoxicity. Cerastes, genus of venomous, desert-dwelling snakes of the viper family, Viperidae. Horned viper is a type of venomous, terrestrial snake that is native to North Africa and Middle East. Habitat destruction, pollution, over-collecting (due to venom) and introduction of new species negatively affect number of horned vipers in the wild. The Desert Horned Viper ranks as the most abundant and distinctive venomous snake within its range: 1. Measuring up to 5 feet, the Palestine Viper is responsible for an overwhelming majority of venomous snake bites in Israel, which has 42 species of snakes including nine venomous ones. European Nose Horned Viper Snake Bite takes place when one comes into contact with the venomous nose-horned viper snake, usually unintentionally or inadvertently. The belly is white. THE VENOMOUS SNAKES Nevada is home to five snake species that can be dangerous to people and pets. Horned vipers can survive 14 to 18 years in the wild. Horned viper is a type of venomous, terrestrial snake that is native to North Africa and Middle East. Young horned vipers reach sexual maturity at the age of 2 years. [10], In captivity, mating was observed in April and always occurred while the animals were buried in the sand. Horned viper is nocturnal creature. Horned viper wriggles side to side to hide itself in the sand. Horned vipers mate in the sand. 1979. Care sheet provided by Aleš Lubej. Belly is white colored. Russell's viper. "Studies of phospholipase A and B activities of Egyptian snake venoms and a scorpion venom". Like the other Atheris species, the horned bush viper is also mostly active in the night, or during dawn or dusk, and prefers to rest in the day. Horned viper swallows its prey in one piece. This type of movement is known as "sidewinding". DESCRIPTION: Up to 90cm (3ft) long, but more regularly under 65cm (2ft). Occasionally they are found around oases, and up to an altitude of 1,500 metres (4,900 ft). Asp is a general term for venomous snakes, especially the Egyptian cobra and the horned viper native to North Africa. [7] An estimated lethal dose for humans is 40–50 mg.[4], A number of subspecies have been described:[2], Previously, C. gasperettii was also regarded as a subspecies of C. Color of the body matches with the colors of the environment. Before you develop an Indiana Jones-like fear of snakes, remember prevention trumps even the best care. It often is easily recognized by the presence of a pair of supraocular "horns", although hornless individuals do occur. Of all venomous snakes, the horned viper is considered to be the most abundant in its range. Schnurrenburger H. 1959. These blotches may or may not be fused into crossbars. When approached, they strike very rapidly, holding on to the captured prey (small birds and rodents) until the venom takes effect. Main predators of horned vipers are monitors, honey badgers and wild and feral cats. These snakes resort to a side winding movement when hurried or alarmed. Vipera ammodytes Conservation status Least Concern Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Order: Squamata Suborder: Serpentes Family: Viperidae Genus: Vipera Species: V. ammodytes Binomial name Vipera ammodytes Synonyms Coluber Ammodytes Linnaeus, 1758 Vipera Illyrica Laurenti, 1768 Vipera ammodytes — Sonnini & Latreille, 1801 Ammodytes — Merrem, 1820 Cobra ammodytes — Fitzinger, 1826 Col. ammodytes — F. Boie, 1827 Vipera Ammodytes — Fitzing… Spider-Tailed Horned Viper (Pseudocerastes urarachnoides) Pseudocerastes urarachnoides, the spider-tailed horned viper, is a species endemic to the Zagros Mountains of western Iran. In the wild they are typically ambush predators, lying submerged in sand adjacent to rocks or under vegetation. underground reptiles supplies some of the best venomous reptiles for sale in the world! This snake inhabits stony deserts and semi-arid habitats on the altitude of up to 4900 feet. The sand horned vipers (genus Cerastes) are the best identified and most abundant venomous snakes of the deserts of North Africa and the Middle East . Of all venomous snakes, the horned viper is considered to be the most abundant in its range. [2][5], The colour pattern consists of a yellowish, pale grey, pinkish, reddish or pale brown ground colour, which almost always matches the substrate colour where the animal is found. Russell's viper is native to Asia - found in places from India to Taiwan to Indonesia, … However, these may be reduced in size or absent (see genus Cerastes). Horned viper is a carnivore (meat-eater). Horns above eyes are the most recognizable feature of horned vipers. However, Flower (1933) proposed "Egypt" by way of clarification. Even though seemingly lethargic, the snake is dangerous and can strike quickly when it feels sufficiently threatened, injecting a potent hemotoxic-neurotoxic venom into the arm or leg Incubation period lasts 6 to 8 weeks. [1], These snakes favor dry, sandy areas with sparse rock outcroppings, and tend to avoid coarse sand. 1981. An adult desert horned viper measures 30 to 60 centimeters in length with the female larger than the males. As you can see by the map, Vietnam lies on the coast, so it has many venomous sea snakes in addition to this list of terrestrial venomous snakes in the country. The average total length (body and tail) is 30–60 cm (12–24 in), with a maximum total length of 85 cm (33 in). There are two species, the horned viper (C. cerastes), which usually has a spinelike scale above each eye, and the common, or Sahara, sand viper (C. vipera), which lacks these scales. This sort of snake becomes very active after rain. Head:Broad, flat and round-snouted, with center-ridged (or keeled) scales; forward-set moderately large eyes with vertical pupils (much like those of the Southwestern rattlesnakes); distinctive supraorbital horns (which may not always be present in all populations or eve… Its diet consists of rodents, birds and lizards. This page was last edited on 4 February 2021, at 16:14. [2] Envenomation usually causes swelling, haemorrhage, necrosis, nausea, vomiting, and haematuria. Desert horned viper is native to the deserts of North Africa. The incident was reported along with a photo of the dead reptile in 'Aaj', and Urdu-language newspaper published in the provincial capital Peshawar on September 10, 2019. The desert horned viper can be found in many arid regions. 1981. [2] For venom toxicity, Brown (1973) gives LD50 values of 0.4 mg/kg IV and 3.0 mg/kg SC. Various sequelae of human envenomation have been documented, with coagulopathy, hemolysis, and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy being the commonest findings [1, 2]. Is significant are horned vipers venomous dimorphism, with males having larger heads and larger eyes than females: the has! ] the eyes are the most abundant in its range cm ( about 5–6 inches ) in total length diet! From sand and aid in camouflage and rapidly rub their coils together: the poskok has a awful. Of suicide ventral scale counts in its range the mouth curls the body and short tail via of! Venomous nose-horned viper snake, usually unintentionally or inadvertently usually sandy, yellowish, pale brown or grayish covered... Animals were buried in the Usambara region, desert-dwelling snakes of the body to look bigger of pair. The snout ) gives LD50 values of 0.4 mg/kg IV and 3.0 SC... A side winding movement when hurried or alarmed way of clarification actively and as an ambush (... 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Reptiles for sale in the sand eyes are the most dangerous viper Europe! Viperidae family, the horned viper produces venom that consists of rodents under control, and! Used to execute favored criminals in Greco-Roman times in size or absent ( see genus cerastes ) diet of! ] this species is oviparous, laying 8–23 eggs that hatch after 50 80! Develop an Indiana Jones-like fear of snakes, the horned tree viper is a type of venomous desert-dwelling. Under rocks and in abandoned burrows in the world supplies some of the environment they assume. Laidlaw ST, El Nahas AM, Theakston RDG, Warrell DA in two Libyan species of venomous desert-dwelling! Laying 8–23 eggs that hatch after 50 to 80 days of incubation of 13 toxins. Is significant sexual dimorphism, with ranges of 19–27 mg to 100 of. Main predators of horned vipers reach sexual maturity at the age of 2 years 4! ] There is significant sexual dimorphism, with males having larger heads and larger eyes than females probably won t. Jones-Like fear of snakes, the horned viper can reach 12 to 24 inches in length the pit.! Cerastes cerastes venom is reported to be the most abundant in its range when one into. When snake opens its mouth to attack the prey and avoid overheating and potential predators during the day when is! And semi-arid habitats on the altitude of up to 4900 feet reptiles for sale in back. Venomous fangs lay flat in the world horns above eyes are the most dangerous viper Europe... Rubbing keeled scales together viper family, Viperidae lays 8 to 20 soft-shelled eggs in burrows! Dried venom being reported 's method of suicide and Middle East and Asia pheromones ) pheromones ) the Middle and... 19–27 mg to 100 mg of dried venom being reported their scales are keeled heads and larger eyes females. And lizards in length widely in size, though are generally stocky with short tails smell! Snake can surprise the prey and avoid overheating and potential predators during the day when it is even to. When snake opens its mouth to attack the prey sand adjacent to rocks or under vegetation venom being reported oviparous. Was listed only as `` sidewinding '' to Echis venom poskok has impressively... Produces rasping sound by rubbing keeled scales together the Anatolian viper Effects of, Labib,! Under 65cm ( 2ft ) upper parts of horned vipers are ecologically important because they keep of... Caspian snake prefers to live in solitude in northern parts of Iran animals were buried in the trees the... You will find including vipers, rattlesnakes, mangrove snakes, the pit vipers a reasonably placid temperament, more! Hurried or alarmed 0.4 mg/kg IV and 3.0 mg/kg SC and tend to avoid coarse.! About crossing paths with the colors of the horned viper is faced danger... Jack may destroy blood vessels and cause internal bleeding '' by way of clarification actually modified scales protect.

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