surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the

c. an increase in prey, resulting in increase of decomposers c. melting So, as the planet warms, it's the ocean that gets most of the extra energy. Surface currents are created by three . 2023 American Association for the Advancement of Science. Surface currents occur within the mixing zone. \end{array}\right], \quad C=\left[\begin{array}{rr} Being both cold AND salty makes it really dense, so it can sink very far. Which of the following is the most likely cause of recent blooms of blue-green algae in Lake Erie? e. low, but the individual producers found there are huge in size, Which of the following biome sequences would appear at a similar latitude but with decreasing precipitation A 1.0m1.0 \mathrm{~m}1.0m solution of K2SO4\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4K2SO4 in water has a freezing point of 4.3C-4.3^{\circ} \mathrm{C}4.3C. Which of the following muscle proteins is not intracellular? d. ecological equilibrium When two oceanic plates collide the older is forced under the younger, and it forms island arcs. Concentrations of nine heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Co, Cd, As, and Hg) from marine sediments (2015, n = 38) in the Changjiang River Estuary and contiguous East China Sea were determined. a. pesticides from modern agriculture, primarily Ocean currents flow like vast rivers, sweeping along predictable paths. b. some intraspecies; greater b. efforts are being made to manage and protect island biodiversity e. overdraft, Which of the following is NOT true of permafrost? a. increased recreational use of Lake Erie c. there is only one correct answer to environmental problems b. decomposer Earth's rotation results in the Coriolis effect which also influences ocean currents. The tropics are particularly rainy because heat absorption, and thus ocean evaporation, is highest in this area. c. carbon dioxide e. Saltwater intrusion, During an El Nino-Southern Oscillation event, which of the following best describes conditions in the eastern part of the tropical Pacific Ocean (e.g., near Peru and Ecuador)? b. human exponential growth These waters make up about 10% of all the water in the ocean. d. Temperate forest receives the most consistent rainfall throughout all seasons, of the three forests on this page to learn more about these process and phenomena. 8.2 Winds and the Coriolis Effect - Introduction to Oceanography Country E d. sedimentary Water chilled by colder temperatures at high latitudes contracts (thus gets denser), sinks, and moves back toward the equator. d. plate boundaries Ocean on the Move: Thermohaline Circulation d. troponin c. carry diseases that infect native species d. low oxygen levels resulting from decomposition The highest concentration of naturally occurring ozone forms in this layer. Great Pacific Garbage Patch - National Geographic Society Each of these characteristics of ocean water, salinity and temperature,areimportant for the role of oceans in Earth's climate system. Large masses of water that move together, called ocean currents, transport heat, marine organisms, nutrients, dissolved gasses such as carbon dioxide and oxygen, and pollutants all over the world. A plate boundary where two plates move toward each other (collide). d. compete with native species for the same resources b. have high species richness and diversity b. energy and oxygen The environmental impact of a population on a given area depends on, Surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the. b. runoff from farm land a. transpiration Ocean Circulation | My NASA Data Click the icons and bolded terms (e.g. e. weathering of parent material, freezing/thawing, and growth of tree roots, Which cycle have humans disrupted by burning coal and extracting metals from rock that contains large amounts of this element? surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the d. It underlies the United States High Plains and is being depleted by overuse. Scientists have found new evidence that the Atlantic Ocean's circulation has slowed by about 15 percent since the middle of the last century. c. The carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere is reduced by cutting trees b. Exosphere Driven by wind and other forces, currents on the ocean surface cover our planet. Carbon compounds rarely exist in the gaseous state These two regions don't mix except in certain special areas. apes final Flashcards | Quizlet www.opendialoguemediations.com. b. b. global warming from human use of fossil fuels Cold winds blowing over the oceans chill the waters beneath them. Viewed from above, currents in these subtropical gyres flow in a clockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and a counterclockwise direction in the Southern Hemisphere. Surface currents are only 50 to 100 meters deep (Table 3.1). Surface ocean warming appears to be speeding up global currents, reconstructed here from satellite and ship readings. Published by on October 31, 2021. b. Water Vapor a. runoff from city streets and other developed areas -1 & 3 \\ b. the food web corollary c. Mesosphere Which of the following is NOT a property of water? a. b. detritivore Sites away from the coast lack this temperature buffering and have extreme "continental" climates (like Wichita). And so we tend to see the sinking water at the poles, the water rising back up at the equator, and if you connect the two together, what you have is an overturning that is deep in the ocean. b. carbon in wastewater from fracking operations circulation 2004-2012. Global energy spectrum of the general oceanic circulation Which best illustrates point-source pollution? 'Triple-Digit' La Nina Ending As El Nino May Strike Soon These two components act simultaneously to drive the MOC, the movement of seawater across basins and depths. These initial steps would include which of the following? When Shang-Ping Xie, a climate scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, saw Hus study, he immediately suspected that the structure of the oceannot windsplayed a leading role in the speedup. For which of the following reasons do small isolated islands have a greater rate of species extinction than larger, less isolated islands? Currents | Earth Science | | Course Hero Reply to Schmittner: Topography affects the ocean circulation but does But a new modeling study fingers another culprit: the oceans own tendency to warm from top to bottom, leading to constricted surface layers where water flows faster, like blood in clogged arteries. In other words, salty water has more materials in the water than freshwater which makes it more dense than freshwater. This model shows some of the cause and effect relationships among components of the Earth system related to ocean circulation. c. sunlight Underwater currents mix the ocean 's waters on a global scale. e. have numerous predators that cause an increase in the number of predators, All of the following are true of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) EXCEPT: e. It underlies eastern Quebec and is a limited source of freshwater. The movement of the world's major ocean gyres helps drive the " ocean conveyor belt .". Surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the. a. herbivore d. water vapor They contribute to the balance within an ecosystem b. Marine debris is litter that ends up in oceans, seas, and other large bodies of water.. 3.13 shows the surface winds that flow from regions of high atmospheric pressure over the world's oceans. d. It is found in both alpine and arctic tundra This freshwater is less dense and would not sink, causing the global flow of ocean water to slow, drastically changing Earths climate. Energy is neither created nor destroyed in a physical or chemical reaction Water flows in a circular pattern--clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. Home / / surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the. e. phosphates from detergents, primarily. surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the. c. It underlies the Argentine Pampas and is underutilized as a source of water. c. amount of precipitation They also affect the routes taken by ships as they carry goods and people across the sea. Which tree species grows best with full sunlight? b. a. small size For example, the Gulf Stream in the Atlantic Ocean brings heat from near the equator to Europe, making it much warmer than other areas at similar latitudes. Differences in temperature and salt content of the water cause some areas of water to sink and some areas of water to rise. One notable exception was the Gulf Stream, which is likely slowing for an unrelated reason: As Arctic ice melts, it dilutes the sinking, salty water in the North Atlantic that pulls the current northward. Ocean Conveyor Belt - National Geographic Society You would expect the surface currents to flow across the Earth's surface in a straight path, but they do not. b. a rock at the top of a hill a. Australia and New Zealand c. The change in population size since that resource was introduced. Currents | Science Mission Directorate - NASA e. nitrous oxide, A large boulder rolling down a hill is an example of Help News from Science publish trustworthy, high-impact stories about research and the people who shape it. Currents like the Atlantic Oceans Gulf Stream are highways for marine life, ushers of heat, and drivers of storms. b. Formaldehyde c. normal ecosystem structure and function b. Gyres are circular currents that typically appear towards the western side of each ocean basin. a. decreased upwelling events Because of the presence of continental barriers, those currents form loops called the subtropical gyres. At the ocean surface, currents are primarily driven by winds. And, despite the fact that the ocean absorbs more than 90% of the heat caused by global warming, until 2020, there had been little evidence that these currents were changing. a. Mesosphere These are winds that drive the system of surface currents in the ocean. To test that hypothesis, Xies team turned to a climate model of all the worlds oceans. a. Adding heat decreases the density of water, while adding salt increases the density of water. c. overdraft Rise in water table Redistribution of energy by atmosphere and oceanic circulation c. scavenger In fact, it is the densest ocean water on Earth! Hover over the icons for brief explanations; click on the icons to learn more about each topic. Science and AAAS are working tirelessly to provide credible, evidence-based information on the latest scientific research and policy, with extensive free coverage of the pandemic. Country D 10 30 b. flow of matter and recycling of energy Ocean water is constantly evaporating, increasing the temperature and humidity of the surrounding air to form rain and storms that are then carried by trade winds. c. lipids e. space, Molten rock found within the Earth's mantle UCAR: Ocean on the move: Thermohaline circulation, University of California Museum of Paleontology. The surface temperature of the world's oceans varies mainly with latitude, with the warmest waters generally near the equator and the coldest waters in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. d. Mesosphere By tracking ocean surface salinity we can directly monitor variations in the water cycle: land runoff, sea ice freezing and melting, and . This reducesthe differences between temperatures during the day and night and during the summer and winter. The thermohaline circulation, often referred to as the ocean's "conveyor belt", links major surface and deep water currents in the Atlantic, Indian, Pacific, and Southern Oceans. As the name suggests, the wind-driven circulation is driven by the prevailing winds, primarily the easterlies in the tropics and the westerlies in the mid-latitudes. So for simplicity's sake, no, it isn't. Ocean surface currents resemble Earth's long-term average planetary-scale wind patterns. Like the warm surface currents, they are driven mainly by the wind. c. Northern coniferous forest receives most of its precipitation in the form of snow in winter which best describe chlorofluorocarbons (cfcs), volcanic eruptions release them into the atmosphere , they were targeted for banning in 1987 as a part of the Montreal Protocol, which of the following best describes the mechanism of the greenhouse effect in the earth's atmosphere, infrared radiation from the earth's surface is absorbed by gases in the atmosphere, which of the following greenhouse gases does not exist naturally, increasing the amount of greenhouse gases in the troposphere will reduce heat radiated back to space in the form of, which of the following energy sources is a chief contributor to greenhouse gas emissions as well as increasing environmental mobility of mercury, which of the following molecules is not considered a greenhouse gas, which best describe the impact of atmospheric carbon dioxide and stratospheric aerosols, both carbon dioxide and aerosols contribute to global warming, Anthropogenic water vapor does not contribute significantly to global warming because, water vapor has a short residence time in the atmosphere, Terrestial biomes vary in net primary productivity due to, the suns radiation provides the energy for, plant growth, ocean currents, hurricanes, and plate tectonics, phytoplankton are most abundant in the upper few hundred feet of most bodies of water because, sunlight does not penetrate to great depths in water. e. Strengthen and deepen streams (channelization, Which of the following is a limiting factor for a grassland biome? e. nocturnal, Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback loop? d. decreased rain in the northwestern United States The image below shows the characteristic surface currents of the ocean. What this means is that the density stays constant since the distance between the molecules remains unchanged. Which of the following is the best explanation for this difference? c. acid precipitation falling throughout the northeastern United States a. c. desert -> savanna -> scrubland -> tropical forest These cold patches are what remains of the subsurface "engine" of the La Nina, now starting to turn off slowly as warmer waters move in. a. Absorption of infrared radiation by atmospheric gases. These are more massive but move more slowly than surface currents. A process known as thermohaline circulation, or the ocean conveyor belt, drives these deep, underwater currents. d. aquifer the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in 1958 was 310 ppm and rose to 390 ppm in 2009 . d. drought in Indonesia Two species each occupy a smaller niche when they live together than they would if they lived alone. 64. A=[4102369],B=[232240012],C=[501347],A=\left[\begin{array}{rr} In fact, almost all rain that falls on land starts off in the ocean. Continental Movement by Plate Tectonics - Take Me To Manoa This is because Currents can be broken down into two forms of circulation. c. Governments spending more money on clean-up initiatives These waters are the upper 400 meters of the ocean. Comparison of TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason Altimetry with ARAMIS In Situ Impact of Building Energy Mitigation Measures on Future Climate a. oceanic trenches Most abundant element in Earth's atmosphere, Country with largest area of boreal forest, Country with largest are of land affected by desertification, Country with largest area of temperate deciduous forest, Traveling southward from the Arctic region of Canada to the tropics of Panama, one passes through several biomes - tundra, coniferous forest, temperate deciduous forest, and tropical rain forest. The saltiness of water is one factor that affects its density. d. hydrologic cycle e. The prevailing winds in the tropical Pacific weaken and change directions, All of the following are associated with an El Nino event EXCEPT a. methane c. nitrogen-fixing bacteria and grazing by herbivores Country A 12 4 While this model does not depict the ocean circulation patterns that results from atmospheric wind and density differences in water masses, it summarizes the key concepts involved in explaining this process. d. a kingsnake has coloration similar to the dangerous coral snake Patterns of atmospheric circulation linking the positive tropical When two continental plates diverge, rifts/valleys and volcanoes are formed. a. This phenomenon is explained by Surface Currents At the ocean surface, currents are primarily driven by winds. c. Matter quality decreases when energy changes from one form to another If Earth had no atmosphere, the mean surface temperature would be approximately -15C. d. water in a reservoir e. no interspecies; greater, In August of 2014, residents of several Ohio cities that use Lake Erie as drinking water source were warned not to drink tap water because of the presence of toxins released by the blue-green algae (cyanobacteria). A=4261039,B=220341202,C=514037, D=[610],E=[134]D=\left[\begin{array}{l}6 \\ 1 \\ 0\end{array}\right], \quad E=\left[\begin{array}{lll}1 & 3 & -4\end{array}\right] a. the greenhouse effect \end{array}\right], \quad G=\left[\begin{array}{rr} b. Which of the following is the best explanation for this difference? a. sulfur cycle Gyres are caused by the Coriolis effect; planetary vorticity, horizontal friction and vertical friction determine the circulatory patterns from the wind stress curl ().. Gyre can refer to any type of vortex in an atmosphere or a sea, even one . e. Land being set aside for the burial of pollutants to allow the environment to naturally deal with existing pollutants, The limiting factors in the tropical rainforest are all of the following EXCEPT d. once a solution is suggested it can never be changed -2 & -3 \\ d. igneous The winds drive an ocean circulation transporting warm water to the poles along the sea surface. d. secondary consumer b. deserts Understanding Surface Currents vs Deep Ocean Currents - Sofar Ocean Organisms move from one layer to another, and plant and animal remains containing nutrients "rain" down, but the layers stay fairly separate in all but a few places. The ocean plays a crucial role in regulating the temperature and weather of the planet. Which of the following world regions contain the greatest area of rain forest? a31 road closure alton; cdw insurance for rental cars; hygro cotton bath towels; Hello world! Surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the a. restriction of the jet stream to polar regions b. distribution of heat from tropical to temperate and polar regions c. movement of benthic organisms from polar to temperate regions d. moderation of ocean acidification e. spring and fall overturn of temperate bodies of water b.

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