festinger and carlsmith experiment quizlet

So, to avoid dissonance, the person likes you. Hence, the alternative explanation discussed above cannot account for the findings. The S worked at this task for another half hour. conformed to the group answer about one-third of the time. Why are black people stopped by police more than white people? The second area is whether the experiment gave the participant an opportunity to discover their own skills, using the scale of 0 to 10. The reason for doing it, theoretically, was to make it easier for anyone who wanted to persuade himself that the tasks had been, indeed, enjoyable. Assume that you were a participant in the experiment conducted by In Asch's black line experiment, participants. Which event or moment has the greatest effect on the author's decision to protest? In conclusion, people, when persuaded to lie without being given enough justification, will perform a task by convincing themselves of the falsehood, rather than telling a lie. Goleman, D. (1991, July 16) New way to battle bias: fight acts, not feelings. When they were asked to lie about how they truly feel about the task, they force themselves to feel what they were induced to feel and express. So, to avoid dissonance, the person likes you. Gerard goes to his job interview dressed in patched blue jeans, a torn t-shirt, and sandals. endstream He did so in order to make it convincing that this was [p. 205] what thc E was interested in and that these tasks, and how the S worked on them, was the total experiment. Recently Festinger (1957) proposed a theory concerning cognitive dissonance from which come a number of derivations about opinion change following forced compliance. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. 0000010660 00000 n 2018 12 5 1544039025 | Free Essay Examples | EssaySauce.com _____ is the scientific study of how a person's thoughts, feelings, and behavior are influenced by the real, imagined, or implied presence of others. One of the major weaknesses of the data is that not all subjects in the experiment made an overt statement contrary to their private opinion in order to obtain the offered reward. They were instructed to put spools onto and off the try with only one hand for half an hour, and then turn 48 square pegs clockwise for the next half hour. The interviewer, of course, was always kept in complete ignorance of which condition the S was in. Scott himself, in the tradition of old-time behaviorists, interpreted this result as "reinforcement of verbal behavior." This short persuasive communication was made in all conditions in exactly the same way. Cognitive Dissonance and Festinger & Carlsmith's Study - Explorable Recently Festinger (1957) proposed a theory concerning cognitive dissonance from which come a number of derivations about opinion change following forced compliance. Find out how you can intelligently organize your Flashcards. If you want to dislike someone, do them wrong. The difference between the One Dollar condition (+1.20) and the Control condition (-.62) is significant at the .08 level (t = 1.78). You have created 2 folders. Which method of attitude formations is involved in this example? /Type/Page The subjects were divided into two groups, A and B, where Group A was provided no introduction regarding the tasks they will be performing and Group B was. If the results of our experiment are to be taken as strong corroboration of the theory of cognitive dissonance, this possible alternative explanation must be dealt with. :>"we>WN,}Arj*L^{l"C9](j0xfyK.1^8 jKbE#/`^%]Ply48o~9cw+ecw/j;k`t)# -3ffua0D@~1` cp \nO7uF& o>u$]oK' 2WBxK>rVyRZ 7%M6xdKmUD}],'WpaB2t$t@^K,JLiM 6H] WA@'n. Prev page|Page top|Chapter Contents|Next page The people with whom a person identifies most strongly are called the________. Some researchers believe that Milgram's results were a form of the________ technique of persuasion. in the experiment we varied the amount of reward used to force persons to make a statement contrary to their private views. "Fight acts, not feelings," is the banner of anti-racist social scientists. moderate; information about how to prevent the fearful consequences. The third asks whether that subject finds the activity important, again using the scale of 0 to 10. Boulding, K. E. (1969) The grants economy. In this study, Festinger and Carlsmith found that 0000001035 00000 n The opposite of Franklin's principle is described by Eric Hoffer, in The True Believer (1951). Would the subject say that the experiment as he had experienced it was actually likely to measure The One Dollar condition is higher than the other two. Which of the following is not an element of social identity theory? He was told to use one hand and to work at his own speed. When the do not, they experience unpleasant mental tension or dissonance answer choices attribution theory cognitive dissonance theory reciprocity theory compliance theory Question 3 45 seconds Q. Specifically, as applied to our results, this a1ternative explanation would maintain that perhaps, for some reason, the Ss in the One Dollar condition worked harder at telling the waiting girl that the tasks were fun and enjoyable. Those who were paid $1 were forced to rationalize their own judgments and convinced themselves that what they were doing is enjoyable because they had no other justification. Scott, W. A. /ID[<6F318BB6E8BA809AD9B6B9D834A90064><6F318BB6E8BA809AD9B6B9D834A90064>] So they did not have to change their true attitudes. Like Explorable? If you change your attitudes, then presumably your behavior will change. The students presumably put some effort into building and defending their arguments. The participants were interviewed afterwards and were asked to rate the experiment in four areas (Cognitive Dissonance). & KING, B.T. (Boulding, 1969) 2. In the . He explained that, since they were required to serve in experiments, the department was conducting a study to evaluate these experiments in order to be able to improve them in the future. This is a direct result of Cognitive Dissonance. Which of the following does NOT represent an effective method for reducing prejudice? It was too long, and that preacher wasn't dressed up enough" would be an example of which type of processing? When she gets up to play it at the recital in front of 100 people, she preforms it better than she ever has. Cognitive dissonance is at the heart of this insidious prejudice, write Berit Brogaard and Dimitria Gatzia. The Control condition gives us, essentially, the reactions of Ss to the tasks and their opinions about the experiment as falsely explained to them, without the experimental introduction of dissonance. This difference in Sandy's playing is most likely the result of_______. The E then removed the tray and spools and placed in front of the S a board containing 48 square pegs. Five Ss (three in the One Dollar and two in the Twenty Dollar condition) indicated in the interview that they were suspicious about having been paid to tell the girl the experiment was fun and suspected that that was the real purpose of the experiment. The data from 11 of the 71 Ss in the experiment had to be discarded for the following reasons: 1. The researchers further concluded, with the help of the said results, that with $1, participants found no significant justification thus the occurrence of cognitive dissonance. Psychol., 1954, 49, 211-218. Festinger and Carlsmith experiment A study conducted in which people were offered money to express attitudes that they did not hold; people who were offered big sums justified their behavior by the money but people who were offered smaller sums changed their attitudes to make them more consistent with their behavior Similarly, the knowledge that he has said "not X" is consonant with (does fit together with) those cognitive elements corresponding to the reasons, pressures, promises of rewards and/or threats of punishment which induced him to say "not X. Shawn and Tanya start talking after they've ridden on the dorm elevator several times together. Then the commitments get more involved, such as donations of money and moving in the with the cult members. 3. Identify the following terms or individuals and explain their significance: Which of the following is an example of indirect characterization? trailer Leon Festinger and his colleague James Carlsmith performed an experiment regarding cognitive dissonance in 1959. Some have already been discussed. correct. Or is there something more nuanced at play? This means you're free to copy, share and adapt any parts (or all) of the text in the article, as long as you give appropriate credit and provide a link/reference to this page. task faced a greater degree of dissonance than the ones who were paid $20, so To which two processes do most social psychologists attribute the failure of Kitty Genovese's neighbors to help her? ________ describes the situation in which people attend to the content of a message. In 1959, Festinger and his colleague James Carlsmith published an influential study showing that cognitive dissonance can affect behavior in unexpected ways. 3. <> In this study, research participants were asked to spend an hour completing boring tasks (for example, repeatedly loading spools onto a tray). This person has two cognitions which, psychologically, do not fit together: one of these is the knowledge that he believes "X," the other the knowledge that he has publicly stated that he believes "not X." This question is less directly related to the dissonance that was experimentally created for the Ss. bystander effect and diffusion of responsibly. Scott, W. A. We tend to _____ attractive people more than we do less attractive people. Would the subject have any desire to participate in another similar experiment? Through the lens of cognitive dissonance theory, however, the explanation was a bit different. In teacher Jane Elliot's classic study, the most startling finding was that the______. that the participants who were paid $20 would experience less Cognitive dissonance is when we experience conflicting thoughts, beliefs, or attitudes. Kelman (1953), in the previously mentioned study, in attempting to explain the unexpected finding that the persons who complied in the moderate reward condition changed their opinion more than in the high reward condition, also proposed the same kind of explanation. What are some practical implications of cognitive dissonance theory? New York Times, p.C1. June 22, 2015 hbbd``b` H? Which situation would be last likely to result in a decrease of prejudice? <> Sandy was a juror in the trial for a man accused of stealing guns from a sporting goods store. 50 0 obj Hence, one would expect the results on this question to be very similar to the results on "how enjoyable the tasks were" but weaker. The Scientific Importance of the Experiment. You must turn off your ad blocker to use Psych Web; however, we are taking pains to keep advertising minimal and unobtrusive (one ad at the top of each page) so interference to your reading should be minimal. This is an example of, Vince has always believed children deserve the best prenatal care available. New York: Harper & Row. The difference between the One Dollar condition and the Twenty Dollar condition (-.25) reaches only the .15 level of significance (t = 1.46). Michigan Academician, 1, 3-12. Introducing Cram Folders! /H [ 658 210 ] exam 2 Flashcards | Chegg.com This has many practical implications. Many people resisted school desegregation, saying, "You can't change people's behavior before you change their attitudes.". 0000010779 00000 n The students will be interviewed after participating in the experiment and were encouraged to be completely honest in these interviews. Researchers have found that a________ degree of fear in a message makes it more effective particularly when it it combined with __________. Discourage questions and alternate solutions. Eddie has made the _________. Half of them were offered $1 to do the job, while the remaining half was offered $20. What are some practical implications of cognitive dissonance theory? They had not enjoyed the experiment, but now they were asked to lie and say they had enjoyed it. This was rated in the same way as for the content before the remark. We weren't able to detect the audio language on your flashcards. Evanston, Ill: Row Peterson, 1957. This is an example of_______ cause. 47 0 obj If you make people treat you with respect, they will respect you more, in order to reduce dissonance between their attitudes and their behaviors. Instead the opposite happened. To study this, Festinger and Carlsmith performed an experiment using seventy-one male students at . Alex, who is in the honors program, failed to do his share of the work on the group project with his four classmates. Participants who agreed to do this were paid either $1 or $20. Ben Franklin gave some peculiar advice that makes sense in the context of cognitive dissonance theory. Behavior and Attitudes - Why does our Behavior Affect our Attitudes

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