acetazolamide drug class

Acetazolamide, an inhibitor of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, is a white to faintly yellowish white crystalline, odorless powder, weakly acidic, very slightly soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. The result is renal loss of HCO3 ion, which carries out sodium, water, and potassium. Increasing the dose does not increase the diuresis and may increase the incidence of drowsiness and/or paresthesia. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Statistics include drug synonyms and therapeutic classes, including: Acetazolamide Sodium, Acetazolamide, Diamox, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor. Acetazolamide is not a mercurial diuretic. Avoid exposure to sunlight or tanning beds. It is taken by mouth or injection into a vein. Diuretic Pregnancy Class C drug. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea; numbness or tingling, especially in your arms and legs; This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. This can be increased to levels as indicated above. Acetazolamide (Diamox) Indications-treatment of glaucoma, edema secondary to CHF, high altitude sickness. When Acetazolamide is given in combination with other anticonvulsants, it is suggested that the starting dose should be 250 mg once daily in addition to the existing medications. No data are available regarding Acetazolamide overdosage in humans as no cases of acute poisoning with this drug have been reported. Each 500 mg vial containing sterile Acetazolamide sodium should be reconstituted with at least 5 mL of Sterile Water for Injection prior to use. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert. Copyright 1996-2021 Cerner Multum, Inc. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. Despite its high intraerythrocytic distribution and plasma protein binding properties, Acetazolamide may be dialyzable. Acetazolamide reduces the activity of a protein in your body called carbonic anhydrase. This may be particularly important in the management of Acetazolamide overdosage when complicated by the presence of renal failure. What are the possible side effects of Acetazolamide? Contains no preservative. Also see PRECAUTIONS: Information for Patients for possible reactions common to sulfonamide derivatives. Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1. The dosage employed in the treatment of chronic simple (open-angle) glaucoma ranges from 250 mg to 1 g of Acetazolamide per 24 hours, usually in divided doses for amounts over 250 mg. Species: Acetazolamide is a prescription drug primarily used to treat dogs, cats and horses. Acetazolamide is used with other medicines to reduce edema (excess fluid retention) and to help control seizures in certain types of epilepsy. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs. Avvaru et al., 2010, Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. ACETAZOLAMIDE is a diuretic. Acetazolamide belongs to a class of drugs known as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. acetazolamide may impair your thinking or reactions. 2: This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Drug interactions, dosing, and pregnancy and breastfeeding safety are provided. Intravenous therapy may be used for rapid relief of ocular tension in acute cases. Intramuscular administration is not recommended. It is not clearly known whether the beneficial effects observed in epilepsy are due to direct inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the central nervous system or whether they are due to the slight degree of acidosis produced by the divided dosage. ... S01EC01 - acetazolamide ; Belongs to the class of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Acetazolamide may be used alone or with other medications. Acetazolamide is used with other medicines to reduce edema (excess fluid retention) and to help control seizures in certain types of epilepsy. Take this medicine with a full glass of water. Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. Follow all directions on your prescription label. The direct intravenous route of administration is preferred. Metabolic acidosis and electrolyte imbalance may occur. Good results, however, have been seen in patients, both children and adult, in other types of seizures such as grand mal, mixed seizure patterns, myoclonic jerk patterns, etc. Generic Name: acetazolamide (a SEET a ZOLE a mide)Brand Name: Diamox, Diamox SequelsDosage Forms: oral capsule, extended release (500 mg); oral tablet (125 mg; 250 mg). Acetazolamide is an enzyme inhibitor that acts specifically on carbonic anhydrase, the enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reaction involving the hydration of carbon dioxide and the dehydration of carbonic acid. For adjunctive treatment of: edema due to congestive heart failure; drug-induced edema; centrencephalic epilepsies (petit mal, unlocalized seizures); chronic simple (open-angle) glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, and preoperatively in acute angle-closure glaucoma where delay of surgery is desired in order to lower intraocular pressure. It is contraindicated in patients with cirrhosis because of the risk of development of hepatic encephalopathy. In a bacterial mutagenicity assay, Acetazolamide was not mutagenic when evaluated with and without metabolic activation. Regulatory Classification. It is also sometimes used to treat epilepsy.Fluid is constantly being formed and drained out of the eye. This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Failures in therapy may be due to overdosage or too frequent dosage. Adverse reactions common to all sulfonamide derivatives may occur: anaphylaxis, fever, rash (including erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis), crystalluria, renal calculus, bone marrow depression, thrombocytopenic purpura, hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, pancytopenia and agranulocytosis. It also treats and prevents symptoms of altitude sickness (acute mountain sickness). Acetazolamide for Injection, USP (lyophilized) powder, Acetazolamide injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution, We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information -, Drug class: carbonic anhydrase inhibitor anticonvulsants, Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor anticonvulsants, 1 single-dose vial individually packed in a carton, ANALYSIS(68382-076), MANUFACTURE(68382-076). Increasing the dose often results in a decrease in diuresis. The chemical name for Acetazolamide is N-(5-Sulfamoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2yl)-acetamide and has the following structural formula: Acetazolamide is available for intravenous use, and is supplied as a sterile powder requiring reconstitution. Under certain circumstances, however, very large doses have been given in conjunction with other diuretics in order to secure diuresis in complete refractory failure. Acetazolamide may be only part of a complete treatment program that may also include other medications. Medically reviewed by Drugs.com on Sep 28, 2020. Acetazolamide is an aromatic sulfonamide used as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Acetazolamide, USP an inhibitor of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, is a white to faintly yellowish white crystalline, odorless powder, weakly acidic, very slightly soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. acetazolamide A drug that inhibits the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in the kidney tubules, thus acting as a diuretic. Other drugs may interact with acetazolamide, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Acetazolamide is available as a generic drug and is also used as a diuretic. You should not breast-feed while using this medicine. Sensitizations may recur when a sulfonamide is readministered irrespective of the route of administration. Acetazolamide is a sulfonamide derivative with diuretic, antiglaucoma, and anticonvulsant properties. The bulk solution is adjusted to pH 9.6 using sodium hydroxide and, if necessary, hydrochloric acid prior to lyophilization. Acetazolamide is also used as a diuretic ("water pill") in people with congestive heart failure, to reduce the build-up of fluid in the body. 3: This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Store drug product at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Acetazolamide’s use in small animals is complicated by a relatively high occurrence of adverse effects. Acetazolamide therapy is contraindicated in situations in which sodium and/or potassium blood serum levels are depressed, in cases of marked kidney and liver disease or dysfunction, in suprarenal gland failure, and in hyperchloremic acidosis. The drug had no effect on fertility when administered in the diet to male and female rats at a daily intake of up to 4 times the recommended human dose of 1000 mg in a 50 kg individual. Discard unused portion. It helps you make more urine and to lose salt and excess water from your body. It is used for glaucoma, epilepsy (rarely), idiopathic intracranial hypertension, and altitude sickness. Continuous supervision by a physician is advisable. Acetazolamide belongs to the class of medications called carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Acetazolamide systemic 250 mg (5430 DAN DAN). Davis Drug … Evidence seems to indicate that Acetazolamide has utility as an adjuvant in treatment of certain dysfunctions of the central nervous system (e.g., epilepsy). acetaZOLAMIDE is a topic covered in the Davis's Drug Guide.. To view the entire topic, please sign in or purchase a subscription.. Caution is advised for patients receiving concomitant high-dose aspirin and Acetazolamide, as anorexia, tachypnea, lethargy, metabolic acidosis, coma, and death have been reported. Fatalities have occurred although rarely, due to severe reactions to sulfonamides including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia and other blood dyscrasias (see WARNINGS). The result is renal loss of bicarbonate (HCO 3 … Reconstituted solution should be stored in refrigerator at 2° to 8°C (36° to 46°F). The acidotic state can usually be corrected by the administration of bicarbonate. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. Some of the problems associated include low aqueous solubility, poor permeability, erratic and poor absorption, inte … Each vial contains Acetazolamide sodium equivalent to 500 mg of Acetazolamide. Acetazolamide is a non-competitive inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme found in cells in the proximal tube of the kidney, the eye, and glial cells. Written by Cerner Multum. loss of movement in any part of your body; a blood cell disorder--sudden weakness or ill feeling, fever, chills, sore throat, mouth sores, pale skin, feeling tired or short of breath, rapid heart rate, nosebleeds, bleeding gums; liver problems--nausea, upper stomach pain or swelling, tired feeling, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); signs of metabolic acidosis--confusion, vomiting, lack of energy, irregular heartbeats; signs of a kidney stone--pain in your side or lower back, blood in your urine, painful or difficult urination; or. The chemical name for Acetazolamide is N-(5-Sulfamoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2yl)-acetamide and has the following chemical structure:Acetazolamide, USP is available for intravenous use, and is supplied as a sterile powder requiring reconstitution. Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in this area appears to retard abnormal, paroxysmal, excessive discharge from central nervous system neurons. In the eye, this inhibitory action of Acetazolamide decreases the secretion of aqueous humor and results in a drop in intraocular pressure, a reaction considered desirable in cases of glaucoma and even in certain non-glaucomatous conditions. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. It can be used as a diuretic or to treat glaucoma as it prevents excessive build up of aqueous humor. Hypersensitivity to Acetazolamide or any excipients in the formulation. Select one or more newsletters to continue. Acetazolamide may increase the excretion rate of Verapamil which could result in a lower … It works by decreasing the production of fluid inside the eye. Acetazolamide is an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose. BCS class IV drugs (e.g., amphotericin B, furosemide, acetazolamide, ritonavir, paclitaxel) exhibit many characteristics that are problematic for effective oral and per oral delivery. Find information on Acetazolamide (Diamox) in Davis’s Drug Guide including dosage, side effects, interactions, nursing implications, mechanism of action, half life, administration, and more. Available for Android and iOS devices. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information -, Drug class: carbonic anhydrase inhibitor anticonvulsants, Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor anticonvulsants. Recommended dosage is 250 to 375 mg of Acetazolamide once a day for one or two days, alternating with a day of rest. Acetazolamide yields best diuretic results when given on alternate days, or for two days alternating with a day of rest. Acetazolamide is also used as a diuretic ("water pill") in people with congestive heart failure, to reduce the build-up of fluid in the body. Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed. Periodic monitoring of serum electrolytes is recommended. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs. For the reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP), acetazolamide inactivates carbonic anhydrase and interferes with the sodium pump, which decreases aqueous humor formation and thus lowers IOP. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Start or stop using to treat dogs, cats and horses ) of... Acetazolamide can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby acetazolamide drug class. 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